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This digital document is an article from Journal of Studies on Alcohol, published by Thomson Gale on July 1, 2005. The length of the article is 7042 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

From the author: Objective: This study was a post hoc analysis of linguistic and motivation variables found in writing samples following the administration of two mailed brief interventions. Method: At-risk college drinkers (N = 100) received personalized normative feedback (PNF) or an alcohol education (AE) brochure via mail. Participants responded to open-ended questions describing their reactions to the information they received. The writing samples were then coded for linguistic characteristics using the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count program and for proportions of self-motivational statements using a modified version of the Motivational Interviewing Skills Code. Results: Group comparisons indicated that the PNF group used a significantly higher percentage of first-person-singular and school-related words, whereas the AE group used a higher percentage of discrepancy, second-person and body-related words. Furthermore, the PNF group produced more language consistent with motivation to change than did the AE group. Hierarchical regressions testing mediation and moderation indicated that linguistic references to school and motivation moderated the group effect on changes in consumption during the heaviest drinking week. Further, although the group predicted reduction in heavy, episodic drinking, its effect was completely mediated by linguistic variables. Conclusions: Findings confirmed that PNF elicits distinct verbal responses that are associated with increased motivation and behavior change.

Citation Details
Title: Relationships of linguistic and motivation variables with drinking outcomes following two mailed brief interventions *.
Author: Susan E. Collins
Publication:Journal of Studies on Alcohol (Magazine/Journal)
Date: July 1, 2005
Publisher: Thomson Gale
Volume: 66 Issue: 4 Page: 526(10)

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This digital document is an article from Journal of Studies on Alcohol, published by Alcohol Research Documentation, Inc. on September 1, 2002. The length of the article is 8121 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

From the author: Objective: The current study examined the efficacy of mailed personalized normative feedback (PNF) as a brief alcohol intervention for at-risk college drinkers, and investigated discrepancy as a possible mediator of the intervention effect. Method: Participants consisted of 100 at-risk college drinkers who completed an alcohol-use assessment at baseline, 6-week posttest and 6-month follow-up. Measures included number of drinks consumed per heaviest drinking week, frequency of heavy-drinking episodes, peak blood alcohol concentration and number of alcohol-related problems, all for the last month. Participants were randomly assigned to either a mailed brief intervention (MBI; n = 49) or attention-control (C; n = 51) group. The MBI group received mailed PNF that was based on baseline responses to the drinking measures; the C group received a psychoeducational brochure about alcohol. Results: Mixed-model, repeated measures ANOVAs were used to examine the effects of time, group and gender on discrepancy and the drinking variables. Following the intervention, the MBI group reported significantly higher perceived discrepancy between self and others' drinking than the C group. The MBI group reported consuming significantly fewer drinks per heaviest drinking week and engaging in heavy episodic drinking less frequently than the C group at the 6-week posttest; however, these differences were no longer evident at the 6-month follow-up. Hierarchical regression analyses did not provide evidence for the hypothesized mediating effect of discrepancy. Conclusions: Mailed PNF may be a cost- and time-efficient means of developing discrepancy and temporarily reducing heavy alcohol consumption among at-risk college drinkers.

Citation Details
Title: Mailed personalized normative feedback as a brief intervention for at-risk college drinkers *.
Author: Susan E. Collins
Publication:Journal of Studies on Alcohol (Refereed)
Date: September 1, 2002
Publisher: Alcohol Research Documentation, Inc.
Volume: 63 Issue: 5 Page: 559(9)

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This digital document is an article from Security Management, published by American Society for Industrial Security on January 1, 2002. The length of the article is 3736 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: I know what you e-mailed last summer. (Legal Update Employee Monitoring).
Author: John B. Lewis
Publication:Security Management (Refereed)
Date: January 1, 2002
Publisher: American Society for Industrial Security
Volume: 46 Issue: 1 Page: 93(5)

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This digital document is an article from American Journalism Review, published by University of Maryland on October 1, 2004. The length of the article is 864 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: Gag the press: it's hard to see why transcripts in the Kobe Bryant case that were mistakenly e-mailed to news organizations were kept sealed in the first place.(First Amendment Watch)
Author: Jane Kirtley
Publication:American Journalism Review (Refereed)
Date: October 1, 2004
Publisher: University of Maryland
Volume: 26 Issue: 5 Page: 106(1)

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